See -ьca on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "-ca",
"word": "-ца"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-ca",
"word": "-ца"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "-cja",
"word": "-ця"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "-cjá",
"word": "-ця́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "-ĭca",
"word": "-ьца"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-ĭca",
"word": "-ьца"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-ĭca",
"word": "-ⱐⱌⰰ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "-cá",
"word": "-ца́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "-ca",
"word": "-ца"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "-ца"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "-ce"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"id": "denominal"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*-ikāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-ikeh₂",
"4": "*-i-keh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-i-keh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *-ьka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-keh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcejǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьca",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "myšь (“mouse”) → *myšьca (“a small mouse; muscle”)"
},
{
"text": "vьrvь (“rope”) → *vьrvьca (“cord, string”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denominal, forms diminutives."
],
"id": "en--ьca-sla-pro-suffix-rpyKUNuN",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 55 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 67 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 58 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 52 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ubiti (“to kill”) → *ubьjьca (“killer”)"
},
{
"text": "ědti > *ěsti (“to eat”) → *ědьca (“eater”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal (from the stem), forms agent nouns."
],
"id": "en--ьca-sla-pro-suffix-TdSyLEFC",
"links": [
[
"agent noun",
"agent noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ovьca (“sheep”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Structural formant, without a base noun to synchronically derive from."
],
"id": "en--ьca-sla-pro-suffix-s~gmOEVo",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ьca"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic soft a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Requests for gender in Proto-Slavic entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "-ca",
"word": "-ца"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "-ca",
"word": "-ца"
},
{
"lang": "Carpathian Rusyn",
"lang_code": "rue",
"roman": "-cja",
"word": "-ця"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "-cjá",
"word": "-ця́"
}
],
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"lang_code": "orv",
"roman": "-ĭca",
"word": "-ьца"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-ĭca",
"word": "-ьца"
},
{
"lang": "Glagolitic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "-ĭca",
"word": "-ⱐⱌⰰ"
}
],
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "-cá",
"word": "-ца́"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "-ca",
"word": "-ца"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "-ца"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "-ce"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"word": "-ca"
},
{
"lang": "Slovincian",
"lang_code": "zlw-slv",
"word": "-ca"
}
],
"lang": "Pomeranian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"id": "denominal"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*-ikāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikāˀ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-ikeh₂",
"4": "*-i-keh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-i-keh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *-ьka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-i-keh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcь",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcejǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ьcę̇",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьca",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "myšь (“mouse”) → *myšьca (“a small mouse; muscle”)"
},
{
"text": "vьrvь (“rope”) → *vьrvьca (“cord, string”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Denominal, forms diminutives."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ubiti (“to kill”) → *ubьjьca (“killer”)"
},
{
"text": "ědti > *ěsti (“to eat”) → *ědьca (“eater”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbal (from the stem), forms agent nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"agent noun",
"agent noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ovьca (“sheep”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Structural formant, without a base noun to synchronically derive from."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-ьca"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -ьca meaning in All languages combined (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (96027d6 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.